[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.yys.cz\/alternativni-nebo-klasicke-skolstvi\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.yys.cz\/alternativni-nebo-klasicke-skolstvi\/","headline":"Alternativn\u00ed nebo klasick\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed?","name":"Alternativn\u00ed nebo klasick\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed?","description":"\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 K v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu rozvoji modern\u00ed pedagogiky do\u0161lo b\u011bhem 20. stolet\u00ed, ov\u0161em vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed reformy t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00ed maj\u00ed ko\u0159eny u\u017e nap\u0159. v u\u010den\u00ed J. A. Komensk\u00e9ho \u010di J. J. Ryby. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Prvn\u00ed instituc\u00ed se speci\u00e1ln\u00edm stylem p\u0159\u00edstupu k d\u011btem otev\u0159ela roku 1908 italsk\u00e1 l\u00e9ka\u0159ka, psycholo\u017eka a pedago\u017eka Marie Montessori v \u0158\u00edm\u011b. Na jej\u00ed pr\u00e1ci a […]","datePublished":"2019-08-05","dateModified":"2019-08-05","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.yys.cz\/author\/devene\/#Person","name":"devene","url":"https:\/\/www.yys.cz\/author\/devene\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/13dbcc20b7c05fcb5c4a6b0bee5a7107a0aae9238a83a4088a42d170780b2eca?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/13dbcc20b7c05fcb5c4a6b0bee5a7107a0aae9238a83a4088a42d170780b2eca?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"yys.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.yys.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a352749_w3386_t1567167195.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.yys.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a352749_w3386_t1567167195.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.yys.cz\/alternativni-nebo-klasicke-skolstvi\/","about":["Vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed"],"wordCount":406,"articleBody":"\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 K v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu rozvoji modern\u00ed pedagogiky do\u0161lo b\u011bhem 20. stolet\u00ed, ov\u0161em vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed reformy t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00ed maj\u00ed ko\u0159eny u\u017e nap\u0159. v u\u010den\u00ed J. A. Komensk\u00e9ho \u010di J. J. Ryby.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Prvn\u00ed instituc\u00ed se speci\u00e1ln\u00edm stylem p\u0159\u00edstupu k d\u011btem otev\u0159ela roku 1908 italsk\u00e1 l\u00e9ka\u0159ka, psycholo\u017eka a pedago\u017eka Marie Montessori v \u0158\u00edm\u011b. Na jej\u00ed pr\u00e1ci a my\u0161lenky navazuj\u00ed Sigmund Freud, Rudolf Steiner, John Dewey, Helen Parkhurst a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch filosof\u016f.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Oproti konzervativn\u00edmu \u0161kolstv\u00ed se alternativn\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159uje na individu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup, men\u0161\u00ed kolektiv \u017e\u00e1k\u016f, skupinovou spolupr\u00e1ci, propojen\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f, slovn\u00ed ohodnocen\u00ed, samostatn\u00e9 rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017e\u00e1ka, p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed, ohled na v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 zvl\u00e1\u0161tnosti, zapojov\u00e1n\u00ed rodi\u010d\u016f do v\u00fduky, kreativitu, vztahy s u\u010diteli a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed vztahy, zodpov\u011bdnost a sebepojet\u00ed \u017e\u00e1ka a motivaci.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 V \u010cR jsou v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed tzv. svobodn\u00e9 \u0161koly. Waldorfsk\u00e1, jej\u00ed\u017e program zahrnuje d\u016fraz na v\u0161estrann\u00fd v\u00fdvoj, um\u011bn\u00ed a specifika \u017e\u00e1ka. Naopak se vyzna\u010duje absenc\u00ed klasick\u00e9ho zn\u00e1mkov\u00e1n\u00ed a u\u010debnic. Mezi principy Montessori pat\u0159\u00ed absence trest\u016f, rovnocennost s u\u010ditelem a v\u00fdb\u011br aktivit d\u00edt\u011btem. Nov\u011b vznikaj\u00ed i lesn\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed \u0161kolky. V\u0161echny tyto \u0161koly pln\u00ed r\u00e1mcov\u00fd vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed program a z\u00e1rove\u0148 uplat\u0148uj\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00ed formu pedagogick\u00e9 koncepce, \u010d\u00edm\u017e jsou kladeny na vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed i rodi\u010de vysok\u00e9 n\u00e1roky. Dnes jsou alternativn\u00ed programy u n\u00e1s vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny na v\u00edce jak pades\u00e1ti z\u00e1kladn\u00edch a dvojn\u00e1sobku mate\u0159sk\u00fdch \u0161kol p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b v Praze.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 V roce 2015 byla spole\u010dnost\u00ed Scio zalo\u017eena prvn\u00ed Scio\u0161kola. Tato nest\u00e1tn\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kola se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed heslem: ,,Zm\u011bna je trval\u00fd stav.\u201c. Z\u00e1kladem jej\u00edho syst\u00e9mu jsou pr\u016fvodci na m\u00edst\u011b u\u010ditel\u016f, v\u00fduka pomoc\u00ed projekt\u016f, d\u011blen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1k\u016f do kolej\u00ed dle schopnost\u00ed a z\u00e1jm\u016f, hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed o pravidlech a individu\u00e1ln\u00ed rozhovory. I zde funguje absence zn\u00e1mkov\u00e1n\u00ed a test\u016f. Moment\u00e1ln\u011b v \u010cR existuje deset Scio\u0161kol.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Problematikou reformn\u00edho \u0161kolstv\u00ed se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 tak\u00e9 britsk\u00fd film Jona Easta z roku 2008 Summerhill. Tento kontroverzn\u00ed sn\u00edmek pojedn\u00e1v\u00e1 o jedn\u00e9 z prvn\u00edch intern\u00e1tn\u00edch \u0161kol s netradi\u010dn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstupem ke vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed.\u00a0                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.9\/5 - (9 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Alternativn\u00ed nebo klasick\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed?","item":"https:\/\/www.yys.cz\/alternativni-nebo-klasicke-skolstvi\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]